Chinese surname · rank 319
杭
杭 is read as háng.
háng
Simplified and traditional 杭
cross stream; navigate
Water
Time: Qin Yuhang county place-name layer, Han Hang Xubo/Kang-Hang graph tradition, Song Baijiaxing inclusion, Ming Yixing and Suide person evidence, Qing Renhe literary evidence, and modern changed-surname summaries; Ming textual layer, 1368-1644 CE
Place: Yuhang in present-day Hangzhou/Zhejiang under Qin Kuaiji commandery; Kuaiji/Shaoxing and Hangzhou place-name tradition; Danyang and Yuhang commandery labels; Ming Yixing in Jiangsu, Haimen in Jiangsu and Suide in Shaanxi; Qing Renhe in present-day Hangzhou; changed-surname branches among Manchu and Mongol communities
Origin note
Hang is read hang as a surname. The concrete historical layer is place-name based: 23mofang notes that Yuhang county was set up in the Qin period under Kuaiji commandery and says Hang may be closely connected with Yuhang and related place names. Older surname books also preserve a Yu-Hang or Yu-hang boat tradition tied to Yu the Great, but modern place-name scholarship treats explanations of Yuhang as uncertain, so this page keeps that as a transmitted surname tradition rather than a settled fact. A second layer is graph and surname variation: sources say Kang/ and Hang/ were sometimes connected, and descendants of figures such as Hang Xu or Hang Xubo were remembered as Hang lines. Later layers include Manchu and Mongol changed surnames and regionally attested lineages in Yixing, Renhe/Hangzhou, Haimen-Suide and Danyang/Yuhang summaries.
Historical figures
Historical figures to enrich
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