Chinese surname · rank 232
全
全 is read as quán.
quán
Simplified and traditional 全
maintain, keep whole or intact
Earth
Time: Western Zhou Quanfu office tradition, later place-name layers from Tang/Five Dynasties Quanzhou, and later Qing or Korean and multiethnic adoption layers; Western Zhou tradition, 1046-771 BCE
Place: Quanfu office context in the Zhou ritual system; Dapeng in today's Tongshan, Jiangsu for the Peng-line tradition; Quanzhou in today's Guangxi; later Zhejiang Qiantang and Jiang-Zhe clusters
Origin note
全 is a layered surname. The best supported early layer begins with the Zhou 泉府 office: 泉 was an old word for money, and the office handled currency and market exchange; families connected with this office used 泉, and some later wrote the same sound as 全. 23mofang connects this branch with the Peng lineage from Pengzu and says the Quan/泉-to-全 layer has about two millennia of history. A second layer is place-based, including 全州 in today's Guangxi and older place-name accounts such as 全地 or 全椒. Later layers include Korean Quan/Jeon lines, Qing Aisin Gioro branches, and Mongol, Uyghur, Manchu, or other groups that adopted 全 as a Han surname. The page therefore treats 全 as an office-name and sound-change surname with separate place and ethnic-adoption branches.
Historical figures
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