Bai Jia Xing compound surname #27
长孙
长孙 is read as Zhǎngsūn. It is one of the 60 compound surnames in the expanded Bai Jia Xing sequence.
Zhǎngsūn
Simplified 长孙 · Traditional 長孫
eldest grandson or senior descendant
Wood
Time: Han attestations and Northern Wei reform, 202 BCE-534 CE
Place: Northern Wei Xianbei court and Central Plains sinicization
Origin
长孙 has older attestations, but a major documented line comes from Northern Wei surname reforms, when the Bába clan was changed to Zhangsun under Emperor Xiaowen. It should not be reduced to only one branch, but the Northern Wei reform is the clearest historical layer.
Name meaning
The literal sense suggests senior descent and inherited rank. Zhangsun Wuji and Empress Zhangsun give it a strong Tang political association.
Historical figures
长孙无忌 Zhangsun Wuji
Zhangsun Wuji was a major Tang statesman.
长孙皇后 Empress Zhangsun
Empress Zhangsun was a central Tang imperial figure.